diff --git a/device/adc_device_attribute.h b/device/adc_device_attribute.h
index c16422b..d21007e 100644
--- a/device/adc_device_attribute.h
+++ b/device/adc_device_attribute.h
@@ -206,20 +206,12 @@ protected:
 
     std::function<void(const SerializedT&)> _deserializerFunc;
 
-    std::function<void()> _clearFunc;
+    static inline std::vector<std::function<void(AdcDeviceAttribute*)>> _clearFunc{};
 
-    std::function<void(AdcDeviceAttribute*)> _copyFunc;
-    std::function<void(AdcDeviceAttribute*)> _moveFunc;
+    static inline std::vector<std::function<void(const AdcDeviceAttribute*, AdcDeviceAttribute*)>> _copyFunc{};
+    static inline std::vector<std::function<void(AdcDeviceAttribute*, AdcDeviceAttribute*)>> _moveFunc{};
 
 
-    template <typename VT>
-    struct ValueHolder {
-        std::function<VT()> _getterFunc;
-        std::function<void(const VT&)> _setterFunc;
-
-        // std::unordered_map<const AdcDeviceAttribute*>
-    };
-
 public:
     typedef IdentT ident_t;
 
@@ -277,40 +269,27 @@ public:
 
                 ValueT val = deserializer(sval);
 
-                _setterFunc<ValueT>[this](val);
+                AdcDeviceAttribute::_setterFunc<ValueT>[this](val);
             };
         }
 
-        _clearFunc = [this]() {
-            _getterFunc<ValueT>.erase(this);
-            _setterFunc<ValueT>.erase(this);
-        };
+        _clearFunc.emplace_back([](AdcDeviceAttribute* inst) {
+            _getterFunc<ValueT>.erase(inst);
+            _setterFunc<ValueT>.erase(inst);
+        });
 
 
-        // copy TO other
-        _copyFunc = [this](AdcDeviceAttribute* other) {
-            _getterFunc<ValueT>.emplace(other, _getterFunc<ValueT>[this]);
-            _setterFunc<ValueT>.emplace(other, _setterFunc<ValueT>[this]);
+        // copy instance function
+        _copyFunc.emplace_back([](const AdcDeviceAttribute* from, AdcDeviceAttribute* to) {
+            _getterFunc<ValueT>.emplace(to, _getterFunc<ValueT>[from]);
+            _setterFunc<ValueT>.emplace(to, _setterFunc<ValueT>[from]);
+        });
 
-            // define copy-function for newly constructed object
-            other->_copyFunc = [other](AdcDeviceAttribute* o_next) {
-                _getterFunc<ValueT>.emplace(o_next, _getterFunc<ValueT>[other]);
-                _setterFunc<ValueT>.emplace(o_next, _setterFunc<ValueT>[other]);
-            };
-        };
-
-
-        // move TO other
-        _moveFunc = [this](AdcDeviceAttribute* other) {
-            _getterFunc<ValueT>.emplace(other, std::move(_getterFunc<ValueT>[this]));
-            _setterFunc<ValueT>.emplace(other, std::move(_setterFunc<ValueT>[this]));
-
-            // define move-function for newly constructed object
-            other->_moveFunc = [other](AdcDeviceAttribute* o_next) {
-                _getterFunc<ValueT>.emplace(o_next, std::move(_getterFunc<ValueT>[other]));
-                _setterFunc<ValueT>.emplace(o_next, std::move(_setterFunc<ValueT>[other]));
-            };
-        };
+        // move instance function
+        _moveFunc.emplace_back([](AdcDeviceAttribute* from, AdcDeviceAttribute* to) {
+            _getterFunc<ValueT>.emplace(to, std::move(_getterFunc<ValueT>[from]));
+            _setterFunc<ValueT>.emplace(to, std::move(_setterFunc<ValueT>[from]));
+        });
     }
 
 
@@ -400,8 +379,13 @@ public:
     AdcDeviceAttribute(const AdcDeviceAttribute& other)
     {
         if (&other != this) {
-            other._copyFunc(this);
+            for (auto& fn : _copyFunc) {
+                fn(&other, this);
+            }
 
+
+            _ident = other._ident;
+            _accessType = other._accessType;
             _serializerFunc = other._serializerFunc;
             _deserializerFunc = other._deserializerFunc;
         }
@@ -410,8 +394,12 @@ public:
     AdcDeviceAttribute(AdcDeviceAttribute&& other)
     {
         if (&other != this) {
-            other._moveFunc(this);
+            for (auto& fn : _moveFunc) {
+                fn(&other, this);
+            }
 
+            _ident = std::move(other._ident);
+            _accessType = std::move(other._accessType);
             _serializerFunc = std::move(other._serializerFunc);
             _deserializerFunc = std::move(other._deserializerFunc);
         }
@@ -420,7 +408,9 @@ public:
 
     virtual ~AdcDeviceAttribute()
     {
-        // _clearFunc();
+        // for (auto& fn : _clearFunc) {
+        //     fn(this);
+        // };
     }
 
 
@@ -479,47 +469,24 @@ public:
             throw std::system_error(AdcDeviceAttributeErrorCode::ERROR_INTERNAL_TYPE_MISMATCH);
         }
 
-        _clearFunc = [prev_clear = _clearFunc, this]() {
-            prev_clear();
-
-            _getterFunc<user_t>.erase(this);
-            _setterFunc<user_t>.erase(this);
-        };
+        _clearFunc.emplace_back([](AdcDeviceAttribute* inst) {
+            _getterFunc<user_t>.erase(inst);
+            _setterFunc<user_t>.erase(inst);
+        });
 
 
-        // copy TO other
-        _copyFunc = [prev_copy = _copyFunc, this](AdcDeviceAttribute* other) {
-            prev_copy(other);
+        // copy instance functions
+        _copyFunc.emplace_back([](const AdcDeviceAttribute* from, AdcDeviceAttribute* to) {
+            _getterFunc<user_t>.emplace(to, _getterFunc<user_t>[from]);
+            _setterFunc<user_t>.emplace(to, _setterFunc<user_t>[from]);
+        });
 
-            _getterFunc<user_t>.emplace(other, _getterFunc<user_t>[this]);
-            _setterFunc<user_t>.emplace(other, _setterFunc<user_t>[this]);
 
-            // redefine copy-function for newly constructed instance
-            // other._copyFunc was defined in the 'prev_copy(other)' call above
-            other->_moveFunc = [other, copy_f = other->_copyFunc](AdcDeviceAttribute* o_next) {
-                copy_f(o_next);
-
-                _getterFunc<user_t>.emplace(o_next, _getterFunc<user_t>[other]);
-                _setterFunc<user_t>.emplace(o_next, _setterFunc<user_t>[other]);
-            };
-        };
-
-        // move TO other
-        _moveFunc = [prev_move = _moveFunc, this](AdcDeviceAttribute* other) {
-            prev_move(other);
-
-            _getterFunc<user_t>.emplace(other, std::move(_getterFunc<user_t>[this]));
-            _setterFunc<user_t>.emplace(other, std::move(_setterFunc<user_t>[this]));
-
-            // redefine move-function for newly constructed instance
-            // other._moveFunc was defined in the 'prev_move(other)' call above
-            other->_moveFunc = [other, move_f = other->_moveFunc](AdcDeviceAttribute* o_next) {
-                move_f(o_next);
-
-                _getterFunc<user_t>.emplace(o_next, std::move(_getterFunc<user_t>[other]));
-                _setterFunc<user_t>.emplace(o_next, std::move(_setterFunc<user_t>[other]));
-            };
-        };
+        // move instance functions
+        _moveFunc.emplace_back([](AdcDeviceAttribute* from, AdcDeviceAttribute* to) {
+            _getterFunc<user_t>.emplace(to, std::move(_getterFunc<user_t>[from]));
+            _setterFunc<user_t>.emplace(to, std::move(_setterFunc<user_t>[from]));
+        });
 
         return *this;
     }
@@ -541,6 +508,7 @@ public:
     }
 
     template <typename UT>
+        requires(!std::same_as<AdcDeviceAttribute, std::decay_t<UT>>)
     AdcDeviceAttribute& operator=(UT&& val)
     {
         if (_accessType == ReadOnly) {
@@ -562,8 +530,12 @@ public:
     AdcDeviceAttribute& operator=(const AdcDeviceAttribute& other)
     {
         if (&other != this) {
-            other._copyFunc(this);
+            for (auto& fn : other._copyFunc) {
+                fn(&other, this);
+            }
 
+            _ident = other._ident;
+            _accessType = other._accessType;
             _serializerFunc = other._serializerFunc;
             _deserializerFunc = other._deserializerFunc;
         }
@@ -575,8 +547,13 @@ public:
     AdcDeviceAttribute& operator=(AdcDeviceAttribute&& other)
     {
         if (&other != this) {
-            other._moveFunc(this);
+            for (auto& fn : other._moveFunc) {
+                fn(&other, this);
+            }
 
+
+            _ident = std::move(other._ident);
+            _accessType = std::move(other._accessType);
             _serializerFunc = std::move(other._serializerFunc);
             _deserializerFunc = std::move(other._deserializerFunc);
         }
diff --git a/net/adc_device_netmsg.h b/net/adc_device_netmsg.h
index 3588d69..4c96808 100644
--- a/net/adc_device_netmsg.h
+++ b/net/adc_device_netmsg.h
@@ -453,7 +453,8 @@ public:
 
 
     template <std::ranges::range ParT>
-        requires(!traits::adc_input_char_range<std::ranges::range_value_t<ParT>>)
+    // requires(!traits::adc_input_char_range<std::ranges::range_value_t<ParT>>)
+        requires(!traits::adc_input_char_range<ParT>)
     void ack(const ParT& param)
     {
         base_t::setKeyValue(ACK_KEY, param);
diff --git a/net/adc_device_netserver.h b/net/adc_device_netserver.h
index d9f8613..59faba7 100644
--- a/net/adc_device_netserver.h
+++ b/net/adc_device_netserver.h
@@ -159,9 +159,10 @@ protected:
             _get_attr = [dev_ptr, wrapper = traits::adc_pf_wrapper(std::forward<AttrIdDeserialT>(attr_id_deser_func))](
                             const auto& attr_name) mutable {
                 auto attr_id = std::get<0>(wrapper)(attr_name);
-                // auto attr = (*dev_ptr)[attr_id];
-                // auto val = attr.serialize();
-                auto val = (*dev_ptr)[attr_id].serialize();
+                auto& attr = (*dev_ptr)[attr_id];
+                auto val = attr.serialize();
+                return val;
+                // auto val = (*dev_ptr)[attr_id].serialize();
                 using val_t = std::remove_cvref_t<decltype(val)>;
 
                 if constexpr (std::same_as<serialized_t, val_t> || std::convertible_to<val_t, serialized_t>) {
diff --git a/tests/adc_devattr_test.cpp b/tests/adc_devattr_test.cpp
index 0b2d8c5..14d0e1b 100644
--- a/tests/adc_devattr_test.cpp
+++ b/tests/adc_devattr_test.cpp
@@ -9,8 +9,14 @@ using namespace adc;
 
 template <typename T>
 struct V {
-    static T getter() { return _v; }
-    static void setter(const T& v) { _v = v; }
+    static T getter()
+    {
+        return _v;
+    }
+    static void setter(const T& v)
+    {
+        _v = v;
+    }
 
     static bool validator(const T& v)
     {
@@ -30,7 +36,7 @@ TEST_CASE("[ADC DEVICE ATTRIBUTE]")
     double av = -10;
     using vv = V<unsigned>;
 
-    using attr_t = AdcDeviceAttribute<std::string_view>;
+    using attr_t = AdcDeviceAttribute<std::string_view, std::string>;
 
     std::string_view id{"ATTR_A"};
 
@@ -56,4 +62,12 @@ TEST_CASE("[ADC DEVICE ATTRIBUTE]")
     std::cout << "ACC_TYPE: " << ar.accessType() << "\n";
 
     std::cout << "ATTR_RO = " << (double)ar << "\n";
+
+    auto ar1 = ar;
+    std::cout << "ATTR1_RO = " << (double)ar1 << "\n";
+
+    auto ar2(ar1);
+    std::cout << "ATTR2_RO = " << (double)ar2 << "\n";
+
+    std::cout << "ATTR2_RO_SER = " << ar2.serialize() << "\n";
 }