fix again

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ set(VERSION "${MAJOR_VERSION}.${MID_VERSION}.${MINOR_VERSION}")
 project(${PROJ} VERSION ${VERSION} LANGUAGES C)
 
 # default flags
-set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CFLAGS} -O2 -pedantic-errors")
+set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "$ENV{CFLAGS} -O2 -pedantic-errors")
 set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS}")
 set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wextra -Wall -Werror -W")
 set(CMAKE_COLOR_MAKEFILE ON)
@@ -35,15 +35,15 @@ if(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
 endif()
 
 if(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
-	add_definitions(-DEBUG)
-	set(CMAKE_VERBOSE_MAKEFILE true)
-	if(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX_INITIALIZED_TO_DEFAULT)
-		message("install to ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/install ")
-		set(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/install)
-	endif()
-	set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS ${CMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG})
+    add_definitions(-DEBUG)
+    set(CMAKE_VERBOSE_MAKEFILE true)
+    if(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX_INITIALIZED_TO_DEFAULT)
+        message("install to ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/install ")
+        set(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/install)
+    endif()
+    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS ${CMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG})
 else()
-	set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS ${CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE})
+    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS ${CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE})
 endif()
 
 message("Build type: ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}")
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ link_directories(${${PROJ}_LIBRARY_DIRS})
 add_definitions(-DLOCALEDIR=\"${LOCALEDIR}\"
         -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"${VERSION}\" -DGETTEXT_PACKAGE=\"${PROJ}\"
         -DMINOR_VERSION=\"${MINOR_VERSION}\" -DMID_VERSION=\"${MID_VERSION}\"
-        -DMAJOR_VERSION=\"${MAJOR_VESION}\")
+        -DMAJOR_VERSION=\"${MAJOR_VERSION}\")
 
 # -l
 target_link_libraries(${PROJ} ${${PROJ}_LIBRARIES} -lm)

Changelog

@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
+Thu May  7 14:39:35 MSK 2026
+VERSION 0.3.5
+- added Readme.md
+- some minor bugs fixed
+
 Wed Mar  4 14:18:15 MSK 2026
 VERSION 0.3.4:
 - fixed wrong UNIX-sockets names

README.md

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-# snippets_library
-The common library for my most usefull snippets

Readme.md

@@ -0,0 +1,750 @@
+# `libusefull_macros` - A collection of useful C snippets for Linux
+
+**Version:** 0.3.5  
+**Author:** Edward V. Emelianov (<edward.emelianoff@gmail.com>)  
+**License:** GPLv3+  
+**Repository:** [github.com/eddyem/snippets_library](https://github.com/eddyem/snippets_library)
+
+---
+
+## Table of Contents
+
+1. [Overview](#overview)
+2. [Installation](#installation)
+    - [Building from source](#building-from-source)
+    - [CMake options](#cmake-options)
+    - [Linking](#linking)
+3. [Quick Start](#quick-start)
+4. [Module Reference](#module-reference)
+    - [Initialization & Locale](#initialization--locale)
+    - [Colored Terminal Output](#colored-terminal-output)
+    - [Error & Warning Macros](#error--warning-macros)
+    - [Memory Management](#memory-management)
+    - [String Utilities](#string-utilities)
+    - [Number Conversion](#number-conversion)
+    - [Console / Terminal I/O](#console--terminal-io)
+    - [Logging](#logging)
+    - [Command-line Argument Parsing](#command-line-argument-parsing)
+    - [Configuration Files](#configuration-files)
+    - [Daemon Support](#daemon-support)
+    - [FIFO / LIFO Linked List](#fifo--lifo-linked-list)
+    - [Ring Buffer](#ring-buffer)
+    - [TCP / UNIX Socket Server & Client](#tcp--unix-socket-server--client)
+    - [Serial Port (TTY)](#serial-port-tty)
+    - [Sub-options Parsing](#sub-options-parsing)
+    - [Miscellaneous Utilities](#miscellaneous-utilities)
+5. [Data Structures](#data-structures)
+6. [Examples](#examples)
+7. [Internationalization (i18n)](#internationalization-i18n)
+8. [Thread Safety](#thread-safety)
+
+---
+
+## Overview
+
+`libusefull_macros` is a C shared library that bundles many frequently needed utility routines for
+Linux application development. It covers:
+
+- Colored, locale-aware terminal output
+- Safe memory allocation and memory-mapped file I/O
+- GNU `getopt_long`-style command-line argument parsing with type-safe callbacks
+- INI-like configuration file reading/writing
+- Daemonization with PID-file management
+- Thread-safe ring buffer for producer-consumer patterns
+- FIFO/LIFO linked list
+- TCP and UNIX socket server/client framework with built-in HTTP parsing and key-value handler dispatch
+- Serial port (TTY) management with non-standard baud rates
+- File-based logging with multiple severity levels
+- `gettext` integration for internationalization
+
+All public identifiers are prefixed with `sl_` (for "snippets library") to avoid naming collisions.
+
+---
+
+## Installation
+
+### Building from source
+
+```bash
+git clone https://github.com/eddyem/snippets_library.git
+cd snippets_library
+mkdir build && cd build
+cmake ..
+make -j$(nproc)
+make install
+```
+
+The build produces a shared library `libusefull_macros.so` and a pkg-config file.
+
+### CMake options
+
+| Variable | Default | Description |
+|----------|---------|-------------|
+| `DEBUG=1` | off | Build with `-Wextra -Wall -Werror -W` and enable debug output |
+| `EXAMPLES=1` | off | Build example programs in the `examples/` subdirectory |
+| `NOGETTEXT` | not set | Disable gettext integration |
+| `PROCESSOR_COUNT` | auto | Number of threads for parallel operations (default detects from `/proc/cpuinfo`) |
+
+Example:
+
+```bash
+cmake .. -DDEBUG=1 -DEXAMPLES=1
+```
+
+### Linking
+
+A pkg-config file is installed:
+
+```bash
+pkg-config --cflags --libs usefull_macros
+```
+
+Or manually:
+
+```bash
+gcc -o myapp myapp.c -I/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib -lusefull_macros -lm -lpthread
+```
+
+---
+
+## Quick Start
+
+```c
+#include <usefull_macros.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+    sl_init();                          // locale, gettext, colored output
+    green("Hello, world!\n");           // green text on tty
+    red("An error occurred\n");         // red text on tty
+    return 0;
+}
+```
+
+Compile:
+
+```bash
+gcc -o hello hello.c $(pkg-config --cflags --libs usefull_macros)
+```
+
+---
+
+## Module Reference
+
+### Initialization & Locale
+
+```c
+void sl_init(void);
+```
+
+Must be called once at the beginning of `main()`. It:
+
+- Detects whether `stdout`/`stderr` are terminals and sets up colored output functions accordingly.
+- Calls `setlocale(LC_ALL, "")` and `setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "C")` (decimal point is always a dot).
+- If compiled with `GETTEXT` defined, binds the message domain.
+
+**Important:** `sl_init()` must be called before any other library function that generates output.
+
+---
+
+### Colored Terminal Output
+
+When output is a terminal (not redirected to a file or pipe), text can be printed in color:
+
+```c
+extern int (*red)(const char *fmt, ...);
+extern int (*green)(const char *fmt, ...);
+```
+
+These function pointers are set by `sl_init()`. Use them like `printf`:
+
+```c
+red("Error code: %d\n", err);
+green("Operation successful\n");
+```
+
+When output is not a tty, `red` wraps the message between lines of asterisks, and `green` falls
+back to plain `printf`.
+
+---
+
+### Error & Warning Macros
+
+```c
+#define ERR(...)   // print errno + message, then exit(9)
+#define ERRX(...)  // print message (no errno), then exit(9)
+#define WARN(...)  // print errno + message, continue
+#define WARNX(...) // print message (no errno), continue
+```
+
+These use the `_WARN` function pointer (respects colored output). They automatically include the
+current `errno` value when using `ERR`/`WARN`.
+
+The default signal handler for `ERR`/`ERRX` is `signals(9)`, which simply calls `exit(9)`. You can
+override the `signals` function since it is declared `__attribute__((weak))`:
+
+```c
+void signals(int sig) {
+    // custom cleanup
+    exit(sig);
+}
+```
+
+**Debug macros** (active only when `-DEBUG` is defined):
+
+```c
+FNAME()  // print current function name, file, line
+DBG(...) // printf-like debug message
+```
+
+---
+
+### Memory Management
+
+```c
+void *sl_alloc(size_t N, size_t S);
+```
+
+Safe `calloc` wrapper. Exits with error message if allocation fails.
+
+Convenience macros:
+
+```c
+ALLOC(type, var, size)  // declare + allocate: type *var = calloc(size, sizeof(type))
+MALLOC(type, size)      // allocate without declaration
+FREE(ptr)               // free and set to NULL
+```
+
+**Memory-mapped files:**
+
+```c
+typedef struct { char *data; size_t len; } sl_mmapbuf_t;
+sl_mmapbuf_t *sl_mmap(char *filename);
+void sl_munmap(sl_mmapbuf_t *b);
+```
+
+Maps a file read-only into memory; `sl_munmap` unmaps and frees the structure.
+
+**System memory query:**
+
+```c
+uint64_t sl_mem_avail(void);  // available physical memory in bytes
+```
+
+---
+
+### String Utilities
+
+```c
+char *sl_omitspaces(const char *str);   // skip leading whitespace
+char *sl_omitspacesr(const char *str);  // pointer to (last non-space char + 1)
+int sl_remove_quotes(char *string);     // remove outer matching quotes (' or ")
+int sl_get_keyval(const char *pair, char key[32], char value[128]); // parse "key = value"
+```
+
+`sl_remove_quotes` strips matched pairs of single or double quotes from both ends. Returns the
+number of pairs removed (0 if none).
+
+`sl_get_keyval` parses a line into key and value:
+- Returns `0` if the line is empty or a comment (starts with `#`).
+- Returns `1` if only a key is present.
+- Returns `2` if both key and value are found.
+- Ignores inline comments, strips surrounding whitespace and quotes.
+
+---
+
+### Number Conversion
+
+```c
+int sl_str2i(int *num, const char *str);
+int sl_str2ll(long long *num, const char *str);
+int sl_str2d(double *num, const char *str);
+```
+
+Safe `strtol`/`strtod` wrappers. Return `TRUE` (1) on success, `FALSE` (0) on failure. The output
+pointer may be `NULL` to only check validity.
+
+---
+
+### Console / Terminal I/O
+
+For non-canonical, no-echo terminal input:
+
+```c
+void sl_setup_con(void);     // switch terminal to raw mode
+void sl_restore_con(void);   // restore original terminal settings
+int sl_read_con(void);       // non-blocking read (0 if no key)
+int sl_getchar(void);        // blocking read of one character
+```
+
+Typical usage:
+
+```c
+sl_setup_con();
+int ch = sl_getchar();
+sl_restore_con();
+```
+
+**Important:** These functions are **not thread-safe** - they use a global `struct termios2`.
+
+---
+
+### Logging
+
+```c
+typedef enum {
+    LOGLEVEL_NONE,   // no logging
+    LOGLEVEL_ERR,    // only errors
+    LOGLEVEL_WARN,   // warnings + errors
+    LOGLEVEL_MSG,    // all except debug
+    LOGLEVEL_DBG,    // all messages
+    LOGLEVEL_ANY     // everything
+} sl_loglevel_e;
+
+sl_log_t *sl_createlog(const char *logpath, sl_loglevel_e level, int prefix);
+void sl_deletelog(sl_log_t **log);
+int sl_putlogt(int timest, sl_log_t *log, sl_loglevel_e lvl, const char *fmt, ...);
+```
+
+A "global" log is managed through the pointer `sl_globlog`:
+
+```c
+extern sl_log_t *sl_globlog;
+```
+
+Convenience macros (write to `sl_globlog`):
+
+| Macro | Meaning |
+|-------|---------|
+| `OPENLOG(path, level, prefix)` | Open global log |
+| `LOGERR(...)` | Error with timestamp |
+| `LOGERRADD(...)` | Error without timestamp |
+| `LOGWARN(...)` / `LOGWARNADD(...)` | Warning |
+| `LOGMSG(...)` / `LOGMSGADD(...)` | Message |
+| `LOGDBG(...)` / `LOGDBGADD(...)` | Debug |
+
+Timestamps use format `YYYY/MM/DD-HH:MM:SS`. Each log call locks the file with `flock` for
+concurrent access.
+
+---
+
+### Command-line Argument Parsing
+
+Built on top of `getopt_long`. Supports:
+
+- Short and long options
+- Required, optional, and no arguments
+- Multiple occurrences of the same option (multi-parameters)
+- Six data types: `int`, `long long`, `double`, `float`, `char*`, and function callback
+- Automatic help generation
+
+**Option descriptor:**
+
+```c
+typedef struct {
+    const char *name;       // long option (NULL for short-only)
+    sl_hasarg_e has_arg;    // NO_ARGS, NEED_ARG, OPT_ARG, or MULT_PAR
+    int *flag;              // NULL - return val; else set *flag = val
+    int val;                // short option character or flag value
+    sl_argtype_e type;      // arg_int, arg_longlong, arg_double, arg_float,
+                            // arg_string, arg_function
+    void *argptr;           // pointer to variable or callback function
+    const char *help;       // help text (mandatory; end_option marks end)
+} sl_option_t;
+```
+
+**Helper macro:**
+
+```c
+#define APTR(x) ((void*)x)
+```
+
+**Functions:**
+
+```c
+void sl_parseargs(int *argc, char ***argv, sl_option_t *options);
+void sl_parseargs_hf(int *argc, char ***argv, sl_option_t *options,
+                     void (*helpfun)(int, sl_option_t*));
+void sl_showhelp(int oindex, sl_option_t *options);
+void sl_helpstring(char *s);  // customize help header
+```
+
+After calling `sl_parseargs`, `argc` and `argv` are updated to point to remaining non-option
+arguments.
+
+**Example:**
+
+```c
+int verbose = 0;
+char *output = NULL;
+sl_option_t opts[] = {
+    {"verbose", NO_ARGS,  NULL, 'v', arg_none,   APTR(&verbose), "increase verbosity"},
+    {"output",  NEED_ARG, NULL, 'o', arg_string, APTR(&output),  "output file"},
+    end_option
+};
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+    sl_init();
+    sl_parseargs(&argc, &argv, opts);
+    // argc, argv now contain non-option arguments
+}
+```
+
+**Multi-parameters** (`MULT_PAR`): Options that may appear multiple times. The library allocates a
+`NULL`-terminated array of pointers, each pointing to a newly allocated value. For `arg_string`,
+each element is a pointer to a `strdup`'d string; for numeric types, each is a pointer to a
+heap-allocated number.
+
+**Function callback** (`arg_function`): The callback must have signature `int (*fn)(void *arg)` and
+receives a `strdup`'d argument string.
+
+**Custom help function:** Pass a function pointer to `sl_parseargs_hf` to handle errors differently
+than the default `sl_showhelp` (which calls `exit(-1)`).
+
+---
+
+### Configuration Files
+
+Reads key-value pairs from a file and treats them as command-line options.
+
+```c
+int sl_conf_readopts(const char *filename, sl_option_t *options);
+char *sl_print_opts(sl_option_t *opt, int showall);
+void sl_conf_showhelp(int idx, sl_option_t *options);
+```
+
+`sl_conf_readopts` reads a file with lines like:
+
+```
+# comment
+key1 = value1
+key2
+key3 = "quoted value"
+```
+
+Each non-comment line is converted to `--key=value` (or `--key` if no value) and passed to
+`sl_parseargs`. Returns the number of recognized options.
+
+`sl_print_opts` generates a string representation of current option values (useful for debugging or
+saving state). The returned string must be freed with `free()`.
+
+---
+
+### Daemon Support
+
+```c
+int sl_daemonize(void);
+void sl_check4running(char *selfname, char *pidfilename);
+char *sl_getPSname(pid_t pid);
+void sl_iffound_deflt(pid_t pid);  // WEAK - overridable
+```
+
+`sl_daemonize()`:
+- `chdir("/")`
+- `umask(0)`
+- Closes stdin/stdout/stderr, reopens to `/dev/null`
+- Ignores `SIGHUP`
+- Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure
+
+`sl_check4running()`:
+- Checks a PID file and `/proc` for a running process with the same name.
+- If found, calls `sl_iffound_deflt` (by default prints a message and exits).
+- Otherwise writes its own PID to the PID file.
+
+Override `sl_iffound_deflt` in your application (it is `__attribute__((weak))`):
+
+```c
+void sl_iffound_deflt(pid_t pid) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Already running (pid %d)\n", pid);
+    exit(1);
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+### FIFO / LIFO Linked List
+
+A simple singly-linked list with both head and tail pointers.
+
+```c
+typedef struct sl_buff_node {
+    void *data;
+    struct sl_buff_node *next, *last;
+} sl_list_t;
+
+sl_list_t *sl_list_push(sl_list_t **lst, void *v);       // LIFO (push to head)
+sl_list_t *sl_list_push_tail(sl_list_t **lst, void *v);  // FIFO (push to tail)
+void *sl_list_pop(sl_list_t **lst);                      // pop from head
+```
+
+`sl_list_pop` returns the data pointer and frees the node. The caller is responsible for freeing
+the data if needed.
+
+---
+
+### Ring Buffer
+
+A thread-safe, fixed-size ring buffer for byte streams, protected by `pthread_mutex_t`.
+
+```c
+typedef struct {
+    uint8_t *data;
+    size_t length, head, tail;
+    pthread_mutex_t busy;
+} sl_ringbuffer_t;
+
+sl_ringbuffer_t *sl_RB_new(size_t size);
+void sl_RB_delete(sl_ringbuffer_t **b);
+size_t sl_RB_read(sl_ringbuffer_t *b, uint8_t *s, size_t len);
+ssize_t sl_RB_readto(sl_ringbuffer_t *b, uint8_t byte, uint8_t *s, size_t len);
+ssize_t sl_RB_readline(sl_ringbuffer_t *b, char *s, size_t len);
+int sl_RB_putbyte(sl_ringbuffer_t *b, uint8_t byte);
+size_t sl_RB_write(sl_ringbuffer_t *b, const uint8_t *str, size_t len);
+size_t sl_RB_writestr(sl_ringbuffer_t *b, char *s);
+size_t sl_RB_datalen(sl_ringbuffer_t *b);
+size_t sl_RB_freesize(sl_ringbuffer_t *b);
+void sl_RB_clearbuf(sl_ringbuffer_t *b);
+ssize_t sl_RB_hasbyte(sl_ringbuffer_t *b, uint8_t byte);
+```
+
+Key behaviors:
+
+- `sl_RB_readline` reads up to and including a newline (`\n`), replaces `\n` with `\0`.
+- `sl_RB_readto` reads until (and including) a specified byte.
+- `sl_RB_writestr` ensures the string ends with `\n` before writing.
+- All read/write operations are atomic with respect to the mutex.
+
+---
+
+### TCP / UNIX Socket Server & Client
+
+A high-level socket framework supporting TCP and UNIX domain sockets, with built-in HTTP method
+detection.
+
+**Socket types:**
+
+```c
+typedef enum { SOCKT_UNIX, SOCKT_NETLOCAL, SOCKT_NET } sl_socktype_e;
+```
+
+**Creating and destroying:**
+
+```c
+sl_sock_t *sl_sock_run_server(sl_socktype_e type, const char *path,
+                              int bufsiz, sl_sock_hitem_t *handlers);
+sl_sock_t *sl_sock_run_client(sl_socktype_e type, const char *path, int bufsiz);
+void sl_sock_delete(sl_sock_t **sock);
+```
+
+- `path` for UNIX sockets: file path; prefix with `\0` or `@` for abstract namespace.
+- `path` for INET sockets: `"host:port"` (client) or `":port"` (server).
+- `handlers`: `NULL`-terminated array of key-value handlers (see below).
+- `bufsiz`: internal ring buffer size (minimum 256).
+
+**Sending data:**
+
+```c
+ssize_t sl_sock_sendbinmessage(sl_sock_t *socket, const uint8_t *msg, size_t l);
+ssize_t sl_sock_sendstrmessage(sl_sock_t *socket, const char *msg);
+ssize_t sl_sock_sendbyte(sl_sock_t *socket, uint8_t byte);
+int sl_sock_sendall(sl_sock_t *sock, uint8_t *data, size_t len); // server only
+```
+
+**Reading (client):**
+
+```c
+ssize_t sl_sock_readline(sl_sock_t *sock, char *str, size_t len);
+```
+
+**Handler dispatch (server):**
+
+```c
+typedef sl_sock_hresult_e (*sl_sock_msghandler)(struct sl_sock *s,
+                            struct sl_sock_hitem *item, const char *val);
+
+typedef struct sl_sock_hitem {
+    sl_sock_msghandler handler;
+    const char *key;
+    const char *help;
+    void *data;              // user data (e.g., &variable)
+} sl_sock_hitem_t;
+```
+
+Handler results:
+
+```c
+typedef enum {
+    RESULT_OK, RESULT_FAIL, RESULT_BADVAL,
+    RESULT_BADKEY, RESULT_SILENCE
+} sl_sock_hresult_e;
+```
+
+Built-in handlers for common types:
+
+```c
+sl_sock_hresult_e sl_sock_inthandler(...);  // int64_t
+sl_sock_hresult_e sl_sock_dblhandler(...);  // double
+sl_sock_hresult_e sl_sock_strhandler(...);  // string
+```
+
+**Optional key numbering** (`key[0]`, `key(1)`, `key{2}`, `key3`):
+
+```c
+typedef struct { double magick; int n; } sl_sock_keyno_t;
+#define SL_SOCK_KEYNO_DEFAULT { .magick = -INFINITY, .n = -1 }
+void sl_sock_keyno_init(sl_sock_keyno_t *k);
+int sl_sock_keyno_check(sl_sock_keyno_t *k);
+```
+
+**Server hooks:**
+
+```c
+void sl_sock_changemaxclients(sl_sock_t *sock, int val);
+void sl_sock_maxclhandler(sl_sock_t *sock, void (*h)(int));
+void sl_sock_connhandler(sl_sock_t *sock, int (*h)(struct sl_sock*));
+void sl_sock_dischandler(sl_sock_t *sock, void (*h)(struct sl_sock*));
+void sl_sock_defmsghandler(sl_sock_t *sock, sl_sock_hresult_e (*h)(struct sl_sock*, const char*));
+```
+
+The server thread automatically handles `POLLIN` events, parses messages using `sl_get_keyval`, and
+dispatches them to matching handlers. HTTP `GET`/`POST` requests are partially parsed: `GET`
+parameters are URL-decoded and dispatched; `POST` data is accumulated and then parsed.
+
+---
+
+### Serial Port (TTY)
+
+```c
+typedef struct {
+    char *portname;
+    int speed;
+    char *format;     // e.g., "8N1"
+    int comfd;
+    char *buf;
+    size_t bufsz, buflen;
+    int exclusive;
+} sl_tty_t;
+
+int sl_tty_fdescr(const char *comdev, const char *format, int speed, int exclusive);
+sl_tty_t *sl_tty_new(char *comdev, int speed, size_t bufsz);
+int sl_tty_setformat(sl_tty_t *d, const char *format);
+sl_tty_t *sl_tty_open(sl_tty_t *d, int exclusive);
+int sl_tty_read(sl_tty_t *d);
+int sl_tty_write(int comfd, const char *buff, size_t length);
+void sl_tty_close(sl_tty_t **descr);
+int sl_tty_tmout(double usec);
+```
+
+Format string: three characters - data bits (5-8), parity (N/E/O/0/1), stop bits (1/2). Example:
+`"8N1"`.
+
+Uses `struct termios2` via `ioctl(TCGETS2/TCSETS2)` to support arbitrary baud rates (not limited to
+the standard `Bxxx` constants).
+
+`sl_tty_read` uses `select()` with a configurable timeout (default 5 ms, change with
+`sl_tty_tmout`). Returns the number of bytes read; data is placed in `d->buf` with length
+`d->buflen`.
+
+`sl_tty_fdescr` allows to use library functions for opening serial device with given path, format string,
+non-standard speed, marking it as exclusive (not share with other processes) or not. It doesn't allocates
+memory and just returns opened tty file descriptor or `-1` in case of error.
+
+
+---
+
+### Sub-options Parsing
+
+Parses strings like `key1=val1:key2=val2,key3`:
+
+```c
+typedef struct {
+    const char *name;
+    sl_hasarg_e has_arg;
+    sl_argtype_e type;
+    void *argptr;
+} sl_suboption_t;
+
+int sl_get_suboption(char *str, sl_suboption_t *opt);
+```
+
+The input string is tokenized on `:` and `,`; each token is matched against option names
+(case-insensitive).
+
+---
+
+### Miscellaneous Utilities
+
+```c
+const char *sl_libversion(void);    // returns PACKAGE_VERSION string
+double sl_dtime(void);              // UNIX time as double (seconds)
+long sl_random_seed(void);          // seed from /dev/random or time
+int sl_canread(int fd);             // non-blocking select() for read
+int sl_canwrite(int fd);            // non-blocking select() for write
+```
+
+---
+
+## Data Structures
+
+| Structure | Purpose |
+|-----------|---------|
+| `sl_option_t` | Command-line option descriptor |
+| `sl_suboption_t` | Sub-option descriptor |
+| `sl_tty_t` | Serial port state |
+| `sl_log_t` | Log file descriptor |
+| `sl_mmapbuf_t` | Memory-mapped file |
+| `sl_list_t` | Linked list node |
+| `sl_ringbuffer_t` | Thread-safe ring buffer |
+| `sl_sock_t` | Socket state (client or server) |
+| `sl_sock_hitem_t` | Socket handler item |
+| `sl_sock_int_t` | Timestamped `int64_t` |
+| `sl_sock_double_t` | Timestamped `double` |
+| `sl_sock_string_t` | Timestamped string |
+| `sl_sock_keyno_t` | Optional key number |
+
+---
+
+## Examples
+
+The repository includes several example programs in the `examples/` directory:
+
+| Example | Demonstrates |
+|---------|-------------|
+| `helloworld` | Minimal usage: `sl_init`, colored output, `sl_setup_con`/`sl_getchar`/`sl_restore_con` |
+| `options` + `cmdlnopts` | Full command-line parsing with all types, logging, serial port, signals |
+| `conffile` | Configuration file reading, `sl_print_opts`, multi-parameters |
+| `fifo` | LIFO and FIFO list operations |
+| `ringbuffer` | Ring buffer creation, line reading, overflow handling |
+| `clientserver` | Socket server/client with custom handlers, bit flags, logging |
+| `daemon` | Daemonization, PID file, child process monitoring |
+
+Build examples with:
+
+```bash
+cmake .. -DEXAMPLES=1
+make
+```
+
+---
+
+## Internationalization (i18n)
+
+If compiled with `GETTEXT` defined, the `_()` macro wraps `gettext()`. Translation files are
+expected in the `locale/` directory. The library generates `.po` and `.mo` files during the build
+(in Debug mode). To disable, define `NOGETTEXT`.
+
+```c
+#define _(String)  gettext(String)    // when GETTEXT is defined
+#define _(String)  (String)           // otherwise
+```
+
+---
+
+## Thread Safety
+
+- **Ring buffer:** all operations are protected by a `pthread_mutex_t`.
+- **Logging:** file writes are guarded with `flock(LOCK_EX)`.
+- **Sockets:** server thread uses `poll()`; client read thread is separate; send operations lock the socket mutex.
+- **Console I/O:** `sl_setup_con`/`sl_read_con`/`sl_getchar`/`sl_restore_con` are **not** thread-safe (global terminal state).
+
+---
+

daemon.c

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 
 #include <stdio.h>      // printf, fopen, ...
 #include <unistd.h>     // getpid
+#include <signal.h>
 #include <stdio.h>      // perror
 #include <sys/types.h>  // opendir
 #include <dirent.h>     // opendir
@@ -73,42 +74,19 @@ void WEAK sl_iffound_deflt(pid_t pid){
 /**
  * check wether there is a same running process
  * exit if there is a running process or error
- * Checking have 3 steps:
- *      1) lock executable file
- *      2) check pidfile (if you run a copy?)
- *      3) check /proc for executables with the same name (no/wrong pidfile)
- * @param selfname - argv[0] or NULL for non-locking
+ * Checking have 2 steps:
+ *      1) check pidfile and its owner (if you run a copy?)
+ *      2) check /proc for executables with the same name (no/wrong pidfile)
+ * @param selfname - deprecated, maybe remove in next versions
  * @param pidfilename - name of pidfile or NULL if none
  */
-void sl_check4running(char *selfname, char *pidfilename){
+void sl_check4running(char _U_ *selfname, char *pidfilename){
     DIR *dir;
-    FILE *pidfile, *fself;
+    FILE *pidfile;
     struct dirent *de;
     struct stat s_buf;
     pid_t pid = 0, self;
-    struct flock fl;
     char *name, *myname;
-    if(selfname){ // block self
-        fself = fopen(selfname, "r"); // open self binary to lock
-        if(!fself){
-            WARN("fopen()");
-            goto selfpid;
-        }
-        memset(&fl, 0, sizeof(struct flock));
-        fl.l_type = F_WRLCK;
-        if(fcntl(fileno(fself), F_GETLK, &fl) == -1){ // check locking
-            WARN("fcntl()");
-            goto selfpid;
-        }
-        if(fl.l_type != F_UNLCK){ // file is locking - exit
-            sl_iffound_deflt(fl.l_pid);
-        }
-        fl.l_type = F_RDLCK;
-        if(fcntl(fileno(fself), F_SETLKW, &fl) == -1){
-            WARN("fcntl()");
-        }
-    }
-    selfpid:
     self = getpid(); // get self PID
     if(!(dir = opendir(PROC_BASE))){ // open /proc directory
         ERR(PROC_BASE);
@@ -120,9 +98,11 @@ void sl_check4running(char *selfname, char *pidfilename){
     if(pidfilename && stat(pidfilename, &s_buf) == 0){ // pidfile exists
         pidfile = fopen(pidfilename, "r");
         if(pidfile){
-            if(fscanf(pidfile, "%d", &pid) > 0){ // read PID of (possibly) running process
-                if((name = sl_getPSname(pid)) && strncmp(name, myname, 255) == 0)
+            if(fscanf(pidfile, "%d", &pid) == 1){ // read PID of (possibly) running process
+                if((name = sl_getPSname(pid)) && strncmp(name, myname, 255) == 0){
                     sl_iffound_deflt(pid);
+                    exit(1); // run `exit` if user forgot to do it himself
+                }
             }
             fclose(pidfile);
         }
@@ -131,8 +111,10 @@ void sl_check4running(char *selfname, char *pidfilename){
     while((de = readdir(dir))){ // scan /proc
         if(!(pid = (pid_t)atoi(de->d_name)) || pid == self) // pass non-PID files and self
             continue;
-        if((name = sl_getPSname(pid)) && strncmp(name, myname, 255) == 0)
+        if((name = sl_getPSname(pid)) && strncmp(name, myname, 255) == 0){
             sl_iffound_deflt(pid);
+            exit(1);
+        }
     }
     closedir(dir);
     free(myname);
@@ -143,3 +125,26 @@ void sl_check4running(char *selfname, char *pidfilename){
         fclose(pidfile);
     }
 }
+
+/**
+ * @brief sl_daemonize - prepare for daemonize:
+ * - close stdin/out/err and reopen to /dev/null
+ * - croot /
+ * - umask(0)
+ * - ignore SIGHUP
+ * @return non-zero if failed
+ */
+int sl_daemonize(){
+    if(chdir("/")) return -1;
+    umask(0);
+    close(STDIN_FILENO);
+    close(STDOUT_FILENO);
+    close(STDERR_FILENO);
+    int ofd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR);
+    if(ofd < 0) return -1;
+    if(dup(ofd) < 0) return -1; // STDIN
+    if(dup(ofd) < 0) return -1; // STDOUT
+    if(dup(ofd) < 0) return -1; // STDERR
+    if(SIG_ERR == signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN)) return -1;
+    return 0;
+}

examples/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,3 +14,4 @@ add_executable(fifo fifo.c)
 add_executable(conffile conffile.c)
 add_executable(clientserver clientserver.c)
 add_executable(ringbuffer ringbuffer.c)
+add_executable(daemon daemon.c)

examples/cmdlnopts.c

@@ -52,9 +52,11 @@ static glob_pars const Gdefault = {
  *  name        has_arg     flag    val     type        argptr              help
  *  BE carefull! The `help` field is mandatory! Omitting it equivalent of 'end_option'
 */
+// if val < 33 || val > 127 we mean this like long-only option;
+// you can repeat the same `val` for several long-only options without any problem
 static sl_option_t cmdlnopts[] = {
     // short option in only-long options should be zeroed, or you can add flag to set it to given value
-    {"lo0",     NEED_ARG,   NULL,     0,    arg_int,    APTR(&G.lo0),       _("only long arg 0 (int)")},
+    {"longonly",NEED_ARG,   NULL,     0,    arg_int,    APTR(&G.lo0),       _("only long arg 0 (int)")},
     // for short-only options long option can be NULL
     {NULL,      NEED_ARG,   NULL,   '0',    arg_string, APTR(&G.so1),       _("only short arg 1 (string)")},
     // if you change `arg_int` to `arg_none`, value will be incremented each `-h`
@@ -71,7 +73,7 @@ static sl_option_t cmdlnopts[] = {
     {"Int",     MULT_PAR,   NULL,   'I',    arg_int,    APTR(&G.intarr),    _("integer parameter")},
     {"Dbl",     MULT_PAR,   NULL,   'D',    arg_double, APTR(&G.dblarr),    _("double parameter")},
     {"Str",     MULT_PAR,   NULL,   'S',    arg_string, APTR(&G.strarr),    _("string parameter")},
-    {"lo1",     NEED_ARG,   NULL,     0,    arg_int,    APTR(&G.lo1),       _("only long arg 1 (int)")},
+    {"long1",     NEED_ARG,   NULL,   0,    arg_int,    APTR(&G.lo1),       _("only long arg 1 (int)")},
     end_option
 };
 
@@ -87,7 +89,7 @@ glob_pars *parse_args(int argc, char **argv){
     void *ptr;
     ptr = memcpy(&G, &Gdefault, sizeof(G)); assert(ptr);
     size_t hlen = 1024;
-    char helpstring[1024], *hptr = helpstring;
+    static char helpstring[1024], *hptr = helpstring;
     snprintf(hptr, hlen, "Usage: %%s [args]\n\n\tWhere args are:\n");
     // format of help: "Usage: progname [args]\n"
     sl_helpstring(helpstring);

examples/daemon.c

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the Snippets project.
+ * Copyright 2024 Edward V. Emelianov <edward.emelianoff@gmail.com>.
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+// example of simplest daemon: search for running process, daemonize if all OK and herd its child
+
+#include <linux/prctl.h>
+#include <sys/prctl.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <usefull_macros.h>
+
+static pid_t childpid = 0;
+
+typedef struct{
+    int help;
+    int verbose;
+    int nodaemon;
+    char *logfile;
+    char *pidfile;
+} parameters;
+
+static parameters G = {0};
+
+static sl_option_t cmdlnopts[] = {
+    {"help",        NO_ARGS,    NULL,   'h',    arg_int,    APTR(&G.help),      "show this help"},
+    {"verbose",     NO_ARGS,    NULL,   'v',    arg_none,   APTR(&G.verbose),   "verbose level (each -v adds 1)"},
+    {"logfile",     NEED_ARG,   NULL,   'l',    arg_string, APTR(&G.logfile),   "log file name (FULL path!!!)"},
+    {"pidfile",     NEED_ARG,   NULL,   'p',    arg_string, APTR(&G.pidfile),   "PID-file name (FULL path!!!)"},
+    {"nodaemon",    NO_ARGS,    NULL,   0,      arg_int,    APTR(&G.nodaemon),  "don't daemonize"},
+    end_option
+};
+
+void sl_iffound_deflt(pid_t pid){
+    WARNX("Another copy of this process found, pid=%d. Exit.", pid);
+    exit(1); // don't run `signals` to protect foreign PID-file from removal
+}
+
+void signals(int signo){
+    if(childpid){ // this is a main process!
+        LOGERR("Main process exits with status %d", signo);
+        // main process have nothing to cleanup, just remove PID-file
+        if(G.pidfile) unlink(G.pidfile);
+    }else{ // this is child
+        LOGERR("Killed with status %d, clearing", signo);
+        // here we can close everything and make cleanup
+    }
+    usleep(1000);
+    LOGERR("Exited");
+    exit(signo);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv){
+    sl_init();
+    sl_parseargs(&argc, &argv, cmdlnopts);
+    if(G.help) sl_showhelp(-1, cmdlnopts);
+    sl_loglevel_e lvl = G.verbose + LOGLEVEL_ERR;
+    if(lvl >= LOGLEVEL_AMOUNT) lvl = LOGLEVEL_AMOUNT - 1;
+    sl_check4running(NULL, G.pidfile);
+    LOGMSG("Hello, I'm started");
+    if(G.logfile) OPENLOG(G.logfile, lvl, 1);
+    if(!G.nodaemon){
+        green("Daemonize..\n");
+        LOGMSG("Daemonize");
+        // and ignore SIGHUP
+        if(sl_daemonize()){
+            WARN("sl_daemonize() failed");
+            LOGERR("Can't daemonize");
+        }
+    }
+    signal(SIGTERM, signals); // kill (-15) - quit
+    signal(SIGINT, signals);  // ctrl+C - quit
+    signal(SIGQUIT, signals); // ctrl+\ - quit
+    signal(SIGTSTP, SIG_IGN); // ignore ctrl+Z
+    while(1){ // guard for dead processes
+        childpid = fork();
+        if(childpid){
+            LOGMSG("create child with PID %d\n", childpid);
+            DBG("Created child with PID %d\n", childpid);
+            wait(NULL);
+            WARNX("Child %d died\n", childpid);
+            LOGWARN("Child %d died\n", childpid);
+            sleep(1);
+        }else{
+            prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGTERM); // send SIGTERM to child when parent dies
+            break; // go out to normal functional
+        }
+    }
+    LOGMSG("Here is the child process; sleep for 1 second and die");
+    sleep(1);
+    return 0;
+}

examples/options.c

@@ -93,9 +93,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
             printf("String[%d]: \"%s\"\n", i, *p++);
         }
     }
-    if(GP->lo0 != INT_MIN) printf("You set lo0 to %d\n", GP->lo0);
-    if(GP->lo1 != INT_MIN) printf("You set lo1 to %d\n", GP->lo1);
-    if(GP->lo2 != INT_MIN) printf("You set lo2 to %d\n", GP->lo2);
+    if(GP->lo0 != INT_MIN) printf("You set long 0 to %d\n", GP->lo0);
+    if(GP->lo1 != INT_MIN) printf("You set long 1 to %d\n", GP->lo1);
+    if(GP->lo2 != INT_MIN) printf("You set long 2 to %d\n", GP->lo2);
     if(GP->so1){
         sl_remove_quotes(GP->so1);
         printf("String so1=%s\n", GP->so1);

locale/ru/messages.po

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-03-04 17:48+0300\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-03-31 11:35+0300\n"
 "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
 "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
 "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Configuration file options (format: key=value):\n"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: /home/eddy/Docs/SAO/C_diff/snippets_library/daemon.c:69
+#: /home/eddy/Docs/SAO/C_diff/snippets_library/daemon.c:70
 #, c-format
 msgid ""
 "\n"
@@ -44,11 +44,11 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 
 #. error reading self name
-#: /home/eddy/Docs/SAO/C_diff/snippets_library/daemon.c:117
+#: /home/eddy/Docs/SAO/C_diff/snippets_library/daemon.c:95
 msgid "Can't read self name"
 msgstr ""
 
-#: /home/eddy/Docs/SAO/C_diff/snippets_library/daemon.c:141
+#: /home/eddy/Docs/SAO/C_diff/snippets_library/daemon.c:119
 msgid "Can't open PID file"
 msgstr ""
 

locale/ru/ru.po

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 msgid   ""
 msgstr  "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
         "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-        "POT-Creation-Date: 2026-03-04 17:30+0300\n"
+        "POT-Creation-Date: 2026-03-31 11:31+0300\n"
         "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
         "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
         "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ msgstr  "sl_conf_showhelp():
 msgid   "Configuration file options (format: key=value):\n"
 msgstr  "ïÐÃÉÉ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ (ÆÏÒÍÁÔ: ËÌÀÞ=ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ):\n"
 
-#: /home/eddy/Docs/SAO/C_diff/snippets_library/daemon.c:69
+#: /home/eddy/Docs/SAO/C_diff/snippets_library/daemon.c:70
 #, c-format
 msgid   "\n"
         "Found running process (pid=%d), exit.\n"
@@ -43,11 +43,11 @@ msgstr  "\n"
         "ïÂÎÁÒÕÖÅÎ ÏÄÎÏÉÍÅÎÎÙÊ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ (pid=%d), ×ÙÈÏÄ.\n"
 
 #. error reading self name
-#: /home/eddy/Docs/SAO/C_diff/snippets_library/daemon.c:117
+#: /home/eddy/Docs/SAO/C_diff/snippets_library/daemon.c:95
 msgid   "Can't read self name"
 msgstr  "îÅ ÍÏÇÕ ÐÒÏÞÅÓÔØ ÉÍÑ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁ"
 
-#: /home/eddy/Docs/SAO/C_diff/snippets_library/daemon.c:141
+#: /home/eddy/Docs/SAO/C_diff/snippets_library/daemon.c:119
 msgid   "Can't open PID file"
 msgstr  "îÅ ÍÏÇÕ ÏÔËÒÙÔØ PID ÆÁÊÌ"
 
@@ -236,5 +236,3 @@ msgstr  "
 #: /home/eddy/Docs/SAO/C_diff/snippets_library/usefull_macros.c:331
 msgid   "Can't setup console"
 msgstr  "îÅ ÍÏÇÕ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÉÔØ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ"
-
-#, c-format

parseargs.c

@@ -30,6 +30,9 @@
 #include <ctype.h>  // isalpha
 #include "usefull_macros.h"
 
+// check `val` field: if it's <33 || >127 - it's just ordered number, not short option
+#define CHKOPTVAL(Oval)        ((Oval) > 32 && (Oval) < 128)
+
 const char *helpstring = NULL; // will be inited later, can't init with gettext on this stage
 
 /**
@@ -124,18 +127,33 @@ static int get_optind(const char *key, int opt, sl_option_t *options, void (*hel
     int oind = 0, theopt = opt;
     sl_option_t *opts = options;
     assert(opts);
+    //printf("key: %s\n", key);
     // `opt` should be ':' for "missed arguments", '?' for "not found" and short flag if found and checked
     if(opt == '?'){ // not found
         fprintf(stderr, _("No such parameter: `%s`\n"), key);
         helpfun(-1, options);
         return -1; // never reached until `helpfun` changed
     }else if(opt == ':') theopt = optopt; // search to show helpstring "need parameter"
-    for(oind = 0; opts->help && opts->val != theopt; oind++, opts++){
-        DBG("cmp %c and %c", theopt, opts->val);
+    if(key[1] != '-'){ // search by unique short option
+        //printf("Short %c\n", theopt);
+        for(oind = 0; opts->help && opts->val != theopt; oind++, opts++){
+            DBG("cmp %c and %c", theopt, opts->val);
+        }
+    }else{ // search by long option
+        key += 2;
+        int l = strlen(key);
+        for(oind = 0; opts->help; oind++, opts++){
+            //printf("comp %s and %s\n", key, opts->name);
+            if(opts->name && 0 == strncmp(key, opts->name, l)) break;
+        }
+    }
+    if(!opts->help){
+        //printf("Not found\n");
+        return -1;
     }
-    if(!opts->help) return -1;
     if(opt == ':'){
-        fprintf(stderr, _("Parameter `%s` needs value\n"), key);
+        if(options[oind].name) fprintf(stderr, _("Parameter `--%s` needs value\n"), options[oind].name);
+        else fprintf(stderr, _("Parameter `-%c` needs value\n"), options[oind].val);
         helpfun(oind, options);
         return -1; // never reached until `helpfun` changed
     }
@@ -182,6 +200,7 @@ void *get_aptr(void *paptr, sl_argtype_e type){
         break;*/
     }
     aptr = realloc(aptr, (i + 1) * sizeof(void*));
+    if(!aptr) ERR("realloc()");
     *((void***)paptr) = aptr;
     aptr[i] = NULL;
     if(sz){
@@ -248,7 +267,7 @@ void sl_parseargs_hf(int *argc, char ***argv, sl_option_t *options, void (*helpf
         loptr->flag     = opts->flag;
         loptr->val      = opts->val;
         // fill short options if they are:
-        if(!opts->flag && opts->val){
+        if(!opts->flag && CHKOPTVAL(opts->val)){
             shortlist[i] = (char) opts->val;
             *soptr++ = opts->val;
             if(loptr->has_arg) // add ':' if option has required argument
@@ -370,21 +389,22 @@ void sl_parseargs(int *argc, char ***argv, sl_option_t *options){
 
 /**
  * @brief argsort - compare function for qsort
- * first - sort by short options; second - sort arguments without sort opts (by long options)
+ * first - sort by short options; second - sort arguments without short opts (by long options)
  */
 static int argsort(const void *a1, const void *a2){
     const sl_option_t *o1 = (sl_option_t*)a1, *o2 = (sl_option_t*)a2;
     const char *l1 = o1->name, *l2 = o2->name;
     int s1 = o1->val, s2 = o2->val;
+    int chk1 = CHKOPTVAL(s1), chk2 = CHKOPTVAL(s2);
     int *f1 = o1->flag, *f2 = o2->flag;
     // check if both options has short arg
-    if(f1 == NULL && f2 == NULL && s1 && s2){ // both have short arg
+    if(f1 == NULL && f2 == NULL && chk1 && chk2){ // both have short arg
         return (s1 - s2);
-    }else if((f1 != NULL || !s1) && (f2 != NULL || !s2)){ // both don't have short arg - sort by long
+    }else if((f1 != NULL || !chk1) && (f2 != NULL || !chk2)){ // both don't have short arg - sort by long
         assert(l1); assert(l2); // no way to omit long option if short is absent
         return strcmp(l1, l2);
     }else{ // only one have short arg -- return it
-        if(f2 || !s2) return -1; // a1 have short - it is 'lesser'
+        if(f2 || !chk2) return -1; // a1 have short - it is 'lesser'
         else return 1;
     }
 }
@@ -393,7 +413,7 @@ static int argsort(const void *a1, const void *a2){
 static void pr_helpstring(sl_option_t *opt, char *buf, int indent, size_t bufsz){
     size_t p = sprintf(buf, "  "); // a little indent
     int havelongopt = opt->name && *opt->name;
-    if(!opt->flag && opt->val){ // .val is short argument
+    if(!opt->flag && CHKOPTVAL(opt->val)){ // .val is short argument
         p += snprintf(buf+p, bufsz-p, "-%c", opt->val);
         if(havelongopt) p += snprintf(buf+p, bufsz-p, ", "); // show comma only it there's shor arg
     }

ringbuffer.c

@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ void sl_RB_clearbuf(sl_ringbuffer_t *b){
 /**
  * @brief sl_RB_writestr - write FULL string `s` to buffer (without trailing zero!)
  * @param b - rb
- * @param s - string
+ * @param s - string !!! can be modified if have no '\n' on end !!!
  * @return amount of bytes written (strlen of s) or 0
  */
 size_t sl_RB_writestr(sl_ringbuffer_t *b, char *s){

socket.c

@@ -89,8 +89,8 @@ void sl_sock_delete(sl_sock_t **sock){
     sl_sock_t *ptr = *sock;
     ptr->connected = 0;
     if(ptr->rthread){
-        DBG("Cancel thread");
-        pthread_cancel(ptr->rthread);
+        DBG("Join thread");
+        pthread_join(ptr->rthread, NULL);
     }
     DBG("close fd=%d", ptr->fd);
     if(ptr->fd > -1) close(ptr->fd);
@@ -136,12 +136,13 @@ static void *clientrbthread(void *d){
         do{
             ssize_t written = sl_RB_write(s->buffer, (uint8_t*)buf + got, n-got);
             //DBG("Put %zd to buffer, got=%zd, n=%zd", written, got, n);
-            if(got > n) return NULL;
+            if(got > n) goto errex;
             if(written > 0) got += written;
         }while(got != n);
         //DBG("All messsages done");
     }
 errex:
+    FREE(buf);
     s->rthread = 0;
     s->connected = FALSE;
     return NULL;
@@ -259,6 +260,7 @@ void url_decode(char *str) {
 
 static sl_sock_hresult_e msgparser(sl_sock_t *client, char *str);
 
+// TODO: handle Content-Length correctly
 // parser of web-encoded data by POST/GET:
 static sl_sock_hresult_e parse_post_data(sl_sock_t *c, char *str){
     if (!c || !str) return RESULT_BADKEY;
@@ -462,6 +464,8 @@ static void *serverthread(void _U_ *d){
         c->lineno = 0;
         c->gotemptyline = 0;
         sl_RB_clearbuf(c->buffer);
+        DBG("unlock fd=%d", c->fd);
+        pthread_mutex_unlock(&c->mutex);
         // now move all data of last client to disconnected
         if(nfd > 2 && N != nfd - 1){ // don't move the only or the last
             DBG("lock fd=%d", clients[nfd-1]->fd);
@@ -472,8 +476,6 @@ static void *serverthread(void _U_ *d){
             pthread_mutex_unlock(&clients[N]->mutex); // now N is nfd-1
             poll_set[N] = poll_set[nfd - 1];
         }
-        DBG("unlock fd=%d", c->fd);
-        pthread_mutex_unlock(&c->mutex);
         --nfd;
     }
 #pragma GCC diagnostic pop
@@ -716,7 +718,7 @@ int sl_sock_open(sl_socktype_e type, const char *path, int isserver, int ai_sock
         break;
     }
     for(struct addrinfo *p = res; p; p = p->ai_next){
-        if((sock = socket(p->ai_family, p->ai_socktype|SOCK_NONBLOCK, p->ai_protocol)) < 0) continue;
+        if((sock = socket(p->ai_family, p->ai_socktype/*|SOCK_NONBLOCK*/, p->ai_protocol)) < 0) continue;
         DBG("Try proto %d, type %d, socktype %d", p->ai_protocol, p->ai_socktype, p->ai_socktype);
         if(isserver){
             int reuseaddr = 1;
@@ -736,7 +738,7 @@ int sl_sock_open(sl_socktype_e type, const char *path, int isserver, int ai_sock
             }
         }else{
             if(connect(sock, p->ai_addr, p->ai_addrlen) == -1){
-                WARN("connect()");
+                //WARN("connect()");
                 close(sock); sock = -1;
                 continue;
             }
@@ -861,7 +863,7 @@ ssize_t sl_sock_sendbinmessage(sl_sock_t *socket, const uint8_t *msg, size_t l){
         return l;
     }
     DBG("send to fd=%d message with len=%zd (%s)", socket->fd, l, msg);
-    while(socket && socket->connected && !sl_canwrite(socket->fd));
+    while(socket && socket->connected && 1 != sl_canwrite(socket->fd));
     if(!socket || !socket->connected) return -1;
     DBG("lock");
     pthread_mutex_lock(&socket->mutex);

term.c

@@ -1,254 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the Snippets project.
- * Copyright 2013 Edward V. Emelianov <edward.emelianoff@gmail.com>.
- *
- * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#include <unistd.h>         // tcsetattr, close, read, write
-#include <sys/ioctl.h>      // ioctl
-#include <stdio.h>          // printf, getchar, fopen, perror
-#include <stdlib.h>         // exit, realloc
-#include <sys/stat.h>       // read
-#include <fcntl.h>          // read
-#include <signal.h>         // signal
-#include <time.h>           // time
-#include <string.h>         // memcpy
-#include <stdint.h>         // int types
-#include <sys/time.h>       // gettimeofday
-#include <unistd.h>         // usleep
-#include "usefull_macros.h"
-
-#define LOGBUFSZ (1024)
-
-typedef struct {
-    int speed;       // communication speed in bauds/s
-    tcflag_t bspeed; // baudrate from termios.h
-} spdtbl;
-
-static int tty_init(sl_tty_t *descr);
-
-static spdtbl speeds[] = {
-    {50, B50},
-    {75, B75},
-    {110, B110},
-    {134, B134},
-    {150, B150},
-    {200, B200},
-    {300, B300},
-    {600, B600},
-    {1200, B1200},
-    {1800, B1800},
-    {2400, B2400},
-    {4800, B4800},
-    {9600, B9600},
-    {19200, B19200},
-    {38400, B38400},
-    {57600, B57600},
-    {115200, B115200},
-    {230400, B230400},
-    {460800, B460800},
-    {500000, B500000},
-    {576000, B576000},
-    {921600, B921600},
-    {1000000, B1000000},
-    {1152000, B1152000},
-    {1500000, B1500000},
-    {2000000, B2000000},
-    {2500000, B2500000},
-    {3000000, B3000000},
-    {3500000, B3500000},
-    {4000000, B4000000},
-    {0,0}
-};
-
-/**
- * @brief sl_tty_convspd - test if `speed` is in .speed of `speeds` array
- * @param speed - integer speed (bps)
- * @return 0 if error, Bxxx if all OK
- */
-tcflag_t sl_tty_convspd(int speed){
-    spdtbl *spd = speeds;
-    int curspeed = 0;
-    do{
-        curspeed = spd->speed;
-        if(curspeed == speed)
-            return spd->bspeed;
-        ++spd;
-    }while(curspeed);
-    WARNX(_("Wrong speed value: %d!"), speed);
-    return 0;
-}
-
-/**
- * @brief tty_init - open & setup terminal
- * @param descr (io) - port descriptor
- * @return 0 if all OK or error code
- */
-static int tty_init(sl_tty_t *descr){
-    // |O_NONBLOCK ?
-    if ((descr->comfd = open(descr->portname, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY)) < 0){
-        WARN(_("Can't use port %s"), descr->portname);
-        return globErr ? globErr : 1;
-    }
-    if(tcgetattr(descr->comfd, &descr->oldtty) < 0){ // Get settings
-        WARN(_("Can't get old TTY settings"));
-        return globErr ? globErr : 1;
-    }
-    descr->tty = descr->oldtty;
-    descr->tty.c_lflag     = 0; // ~(ICANON | ECHO | ECHOE | ISIG)
-    descr->tty.c_iflag     = 0;
-    descr->tty.c_oflag     = 0;
-    descr->tty.c_cflag     = descr->baudrate|CS8|CREAD|CLOCAL; // 9.6k, 8N1, RW, ignore line ctrl
-    descr->tty.c_cc[VMIN]  = 0;  // non-canonical mode
-    descr->tty.c_cc[VTIME] = 5;
-    if(tcsetattr(descr->comfd, TCSANOW, &descr->tty) < 0){
-        WARN(_("Can't apply new TTY settings"));
-        return globErr ? globErr : 1;
-    }
-    // make exclusive open
-    if(descr->exclusive){
-    if(ioctl(descr->comfd, TIOCEXCL)){
-        WARN(_("Can't do exclusive open"));
-    }}
-    return 0;
-}
-
-/**
- * @brief restore_tty - restore opened TTY to previous state and close it
- */
-void sl_tty_close(sl_tty_t **descr){
-    if(descr == NULL || *descr == NULL) return;
-    sl_tty_t *d = *descr;
-    if(d->comfd){
-        ioctl(d->comfd, TCSANOW, &d->oldtty); // return TTY to previous state
-        close(d->comfd);
-    }
-    FREE(d->portname);
-    FREE(d->buf);
-    FREE(*descr);
-}
-
-/**
- * @brief sl_tty_new   - create new TTY structure with partially filled fields
- * @param comdev    - TTY device filename
- * @param speed     - speed (number)
- * @param bufsz     - size of buffer for input data (or 0 if opened only to write)
- * @return pointer to TTY structure if all OK
- */
-sl_tty_t *sl_tty_new(char *comdev, int speed, size_t bufsz){
-    tcflag_t spd = sl_tty_convspd(speed);
-    if(!spd) return NULL;
-    sl_tty_t *descr = MALLOC(sl_tty_t, 1);
-    descr->portname = strdup(comdev);
-    descr->baudrate = spd;
-    descr->speed = speed;
-    if(!descr->portname){
-        WARNX(_("Port name is missing"));
-    }else{
-        if(bufsz){
-            descr->buf = MALLOC(char, bufsz+1);
-            descr->bufsz = bufsz;
-            return descr;
-        }else WARNX(_("Need non-zero buffer for TTY device"));
-    }
-    FREE(descr->portname);
-    FREE(descr);
-    return NULL;
-}
-
-/**
- * @brief sl_tty_open  - init & open tty device
- * @param d         - already filled structure (with new_tty or by hands)
- * @param exclusive - == 1 to make exclusive open
- * @return pointer to TTY structure if all OK
- */
-sl_tty_t *sl_tty_open(sl_tty_t *d, int exclusive){
-    if(!d || !d->portname || !d->baudrate) return NULL;
-    if(exclusive) d->exclusive = TRUE;
-    else d->exclusive = FALSE;
-    if(tty_init(d)) return NULL;
-    return d;
-}
-
-static struct timeval tvdefault = {.tv_sec = 0, .tv_usec = 5000};
-/**
- * @brief sl_tty_tmout - set timeout for select() on reading
- * @param usec - microseconds of timeout
- * @return -1 if usec < 0, 0 if all OK
- */
-int sl_tty_tmout(double usec){
-    if(usec < 0.) return -1;
-    tvdefault.tv_sec = 0;
-    if(usec > 999999){
-        tvdefault.tv_sec = (__time_t)(usec / 1e6);
-        usec -= tvdefault.tv_sec * 1e6;
-    }
-    tvdefault.tv_usec = (__suseconds_t) usec;
-    return 0;
-}
-
-/**
- * @brief sl_tty_read - read data from TTY with 10ms timeout
- * @param buff (o) - buffer for data read
- * @param length   - buffer len
- * @return amount of bytes read or -1 if disconnected
- */
-int sl_tty_read(sl_tty_t *d){
-    if(!d || d->comfd < 0) return 0;
-    size_t L = 0;
-    ssize_t l;
-    size_t length = d->bufsz;
-    char *ptr = d->buf;
-    fd_set rfds;
-    struct timeval tv;
-    int retval;
-    do{
-        l = 0;
-        FD_ZERO(&rfds);
-        FD_SET(d->comfd, &rfds);
-        //memcpy(&tv, &tvdefault, sizeof(struct timeval));
-        tv = tvdefault;
-        retval = select(d->comfd + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &tv);
-        if(!retval) break;
-        if(retval < 0){
-            if(errno == EINTR) continue;
-            return -1;
-        }
-        if(FD_ISSET(d->comfd, &rfds)){
-            l = read(d->comfd, ptr, length);
-            if(l < 1) return -1; // disconnected
-            ptr += l; L += l;
-            length -= l;
-        }
-    }while(l && length);
-    d->buflen = L;
-    d->buf[L] = 0;
-    return (size_t)L;
-}
-
-/**
- * @brief sl_tty_write - write data to serial port
- * @param buff (i)  - data to write
- * @param length    - its length
- * @return 0 if all OK
- */
-int sl_tty_write(int comfd, const char *buff, size_t length){
-    ssize_t L = write(comfd, buff, length);
-    if((size_t)L != length){
-        WARN("Write error");
-        return 1;
-    }
-    return 0;
-}

term.h

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * term.h
- *
- * Copyright 2016 Edward V. Emelianov <eddy@sao.ru, edward.emelianoff@gmail.com>
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston,
- * MA 02110-1301, USA.
- */
-#pragma once
-#ifndef __TERM_H__
-#define __TERM_H__
-
-#include <termios.h>        // tcsetattr, baudrates
-
-void term_quit(int ex_stat);
-int conv_spd(int speed);
-void ttys_open(char **ports, int **speeds, int globspeed);
-
-void set_comlogname(char* nm);
-void set_charmode();
-
-#endif // __TERM_H__

usefull_macros.h

@@ -329,6 +329,8 @@ void WEAK sl_iffound_deflt(pid_t pid);
 void sl_check4running(char *selfname, char *pidfilename);
 // read name of process by its PID
 char *sl_getPSname(pid_t pid);
+// daemonize: reopen stdin/out/err as /dev/null, chdir to /, umask(0)
+int sl_daemonize(); // return -1 if failed, 0 on OK
 
 /******************************************************************************\
                          The original fifo_lifo.h