lectures/AstroCrafts/astrocrafts02.tex

\documentclass[10pt,pdf,hyperref={unicode}]{beamer}
\hypersetup{pdfpagemode=FullScreen}
\usepackage{astrocrafts}

\title[ïÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÅ. 2. òÁÓÃ×ÅÔ]{áÓÔÒÏÆÉÚÉÞÅÓËÏÅ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÅ}
\subtitle[2. òÁÓÃ×ÅÔ]{2. òÁÓÃ×ÅÔ ÁÓÔÒÏÆÉÚÉËÉ}
\date{24 ÍÁÑ 2016 ÇÏÄÁ}

\begin{document}
\begin{frame}
\maketitle
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}
\tableofcontents
\end{frame}

\section{ðÏÑ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÔÅÌÅÓËÏÐÏ×}
\subsection{òÅÆÒÁËÔÏÒÙ}
\begin{frame}{òÅÆÒÁËÔÏÒÙ}
\begin{defin}
\textbf{òÅÆÒÁËÔÏÒ} "--- ÏÐÔÉÞÅÓËÉÊ ÔÅÌÅÓËÏÐ, × ËÏÔÏÒÏÍ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÏÂßÅËÔÉ×Á ×ÙÓÔÕÐÁÅÔ ÌÉÎÚÁ ÉÌÉ 
ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ ÌÉÎÚ. çÁÌÉÌÅÏ çÁÌÉÌÅÊ, 1609~Ç.
\end{defin}
\img[0.7]{galileo_telescope}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{áÂÅÒÒÁÃÉÉ}
\only<1>{
\begin{columns}
\column{0.7\textwidth}\img{chromatic}\column{0.3\textwidth}
\begin{block}{èÒÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÁÑ ÁÂÅÒÒÁÃÉÑ}
îÅ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÏÓÔÒÏÉÔØ ÏÄÎÏÌÉÎÚÏ×ÙÅ ÏÂßÅËÔÉ×Ù, ÌÉÛÅÎÎÙÅ ÈÒÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÏÊ ÁÂÅÒÒÁÃÉÉ.
\end{block}\end{columns}}
\only<2>{\begin{block}{óÆÅÒÉÞÅÓËÁÑ ÁÂÅÒÒÁÃÉÑ}
ó×ÏÊÓÔ×ÅÎÎÁ ÔÏÌÓÔÙÍ ÌÉÎÚÁÍ.\end{block}
\img{sph_aberr}}
\only<3>{\begin{block}{áÐÏÈÒÏÍÁÔ}ëÏÒÒÅËÃÉÑ ÓÆÅÒÉÞÅÓËÏÊ ÁÂÅÒÒÁÃÉÉ É ÈÒÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÏÊ ÄÌÑ ÔÒÅÈ É ÂÏÌÅÅ 
Ã×ÅÔÏ×\end{block}\img[0.8]{Apochromat}}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{ôÅÌÅÓËÏÐ ñÎÁ çÅ×ÅÌÉÑ}
\vspace*{-1em}\img[0.8]{hevelius_scope}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{èÒÉÓÔÉÁÎ çÀÊÇÅÎÓ}
\begin{columns}\column{0.6\textwidth}
\img[0.8]{Huygens_broths_scope}
\column{0.4\textwidth}\begin{block}{}
1655 "--- ËÏÌØÃÁ óÁÔÕÒÎÁ, ôÉÔÁÎ;\\
1657 "--- ÍÁÑÔÎÉËÏ×ÙÅ ÞÁÓÙ;\\
1659 "--- ÔÕÍÁÎÎÏÓÔØ ïÒÉÏÎÁ;\\
1675 "--- ÞÁÓÏ×ÁÑ ÓÐÉÒÁÌØ.
\end{block}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}

\subsection{òÅÆÌÅËÔÏÒÙ}
\begin{frame}{òÅÆÌÅËÔÏÒÙ}\begin{columns}
\column{0.6\textwidth}\img{NewtonsTelescopeReplica}
\column{0.4\textwidth}\begin{defin}
\textbf{òÅÆÌÅËÔÏÒ} "--- ÏÐÔÉÞÅÓËÉÊ ÔÅÌÅÓËÏÐ, × ËÏÔÏÒÏÍ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÏÂßÅËÔÉ×Á ×ÙÓÔÕÐÁÅÔ ÚÅÒËÁÌÏ. 
éÓÁÁË îØÀÔÏÎ, 1668.
\end{defin}
\begin{block}{}
1663 "--- ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ çÒÅÇÏÒÉ.\\
1672 "--- ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ ëÁÓÓÅÇÒÅÎÁ.\\
1721 "--- ÒÅÆÌÅËÔÏÒ èÜÄÌÉ ÎÁ ÁÌØÔ-ÁÚÉÍÕÔÁÌØÎÏÊ ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ËÅ.
\end{block}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{õÉÌØÑÍ çÅÒÛÅÌØ, 1785}
\img[0.66]{early-herschel-40ft}
\end{frame}

\section{íÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ËÉ ÔÅÌÅÓËÏÐÏ×}
\subsection{üË×ÁÔÏÒÉÁÌØÎÁÑ ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ËÁ}
\begin{frame}{üË×ÁÔÏÒÉÁÌØÎÁÑ ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ËÁ}
\begin{columns}
\column{0.6\textwidth}\vspace*{-1.4em}\img[0.9]{fraunh_tel}
\column{0.4\textwidth}\begin{block}{1824, êÏÚÅÆ ÆÏÎ æÒÁÕÎÇÏÆÅÒ}
ôÅÌÅÓËÏÐ ÏÂÓÅÒ×ÁÔÏÒÉÉ ôÁÒÔÕ. çÅÒÍÁÎÓËÁÑ ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ËÁ.

÷ 1853 Ç. àÓÔÕÓ ÆÏÎ ìÉÂÉÈ ÐÒÅÄÌÏÖÉÌ ÍÅÔÏÄ ×ÙÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ÍÅÔÁÌÌÉÞÅÓËÏÇÏ ÓÅÒÅÂÒÁ ÉÚ ÒÁÓÔ×ÏÒÁ 
ÎÉÔÒÁÔÁ ÓÅÒÅÂÒÁ ÄÌÑ ÓÅÒÅÂÒÅÎÉÑ ÓÔÅËÌÁ. ÷ 1856-57~ÇÇ. ëÁÒÌ á×ÇÕÓÔ ÆÏÎ ûÔÁÊÎÈÅÊÌØ É ìÅÏÎ æÕËÏ 
(ÎÅÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏ) ×ÐÅÒ×ÙÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÌÉ ÜÔÏÔ ÍÅÔÏÄ.
\end{block}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{}
\begin{columns}
\column{0.5\textwidth}\vspace*{-1.4em}
\img{100_inch_Hooker_Telescope}
\column{0.4\textwidth}
\begin{block}{ôÅÌÅÓËÏÐ èÕËÅÒÁ}
100 ÄÀÊÍÏ×, 1917~Ç. áÎÇÌÉÊÓËÁÑ ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ËÁ <<Ó ÑÒÍÏÍ>>.
ïÂÓÅÒ×ÁÔÏÒÉÑ íÁÕÎÔ ÷ÉÌÓÏÎ.
ëÒÕÐÎÅÊÛÉÊ ÄÏ 1949~Ç.

÷ 1935~Ç. ÓÅÒÅÂÒÑÎÏÅ ÐÏËÒÙÔÉÅ ÓÍÅÎÅÎÏ ÁÌÀÍÉÎÉÅ×ÙÍ (äÖÏÎ äÏÎÁ×ÁÎ 
óÔÒÏÎÇ, ËÁÌÔÅÈ, 1932~Ç.).\end{block}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{}
\begin{columns}
\column{0.5\textwidth}\vspace*{-1.4em}
\img{zeiss}
\column{0.4\textwidth}
\begin{block}{Zeiss-1000, éÔÁÌÉÑ}áÓÉÍÍÅÔÒÉÞÅÓËÁÑ ÁÎÇÌÉÊÓËÁ ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ËÁ "--- ÆÏËÕÓ 
ëÕÄÅ.\end{block}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{}
\begin{block}{ôÅÌÅÓËÏÐ èÅÊÌÁ}
200 ÄÀÊÍÏ×, 1949~Ç. ðÒÑÍÏÊ ÆÏËÕÓ, ëÕÄÅ É îÅÓÍÉÔ.

ðÅÒ×ÙÊ ÇÉÄÒÁ×ÌÉÞÅÓËÉÊ ÐÏÄÛÉÐÎÉË. ðÉÒÅËÓÏ×ÏÅ ÚÅÒËÁÌÏ (14.5~ÔÏÎÎ).
ðÅÒ×ÁÑ × ÍÉÒÅ ÔÒÕÂÁ óÅÒÒÀÒØÅÒÁ. 

ðÏÌÑÒÎÁÑ ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ËÁ <<ÓÅÄÌÏ>>.
\end{block}
\img[0.7]{hale-telescope}
\end{frame}

{\setbeamercolor{normal text}{bg=blue,fg=cyan!70!white}
\begin{frame}{ôÒÕÂÁ óÅÒÒÀÒØÅÒÁ}
\img{Serrurier_truss}
\end{frame}
}

\subsection{áÌØÔ-ÁÚÉÍÕÔÁÌØÎÁÑ ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ËÁ}
\begin{frame}{áÌØÔ-ÁÚÉÍÕÔÁÌØÎÁÑ ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ËÁ}
\img[0.9]{bta_telescope}
\end{frame}

\section{áÓÔÒÏÆÉÚÉËÁ}
\begin{frame}{áÓÔÒÏÆÉÚÉËÁ}
\begin{defin}\textbf{áÓÔÒÏÆÉÚÉËÁ} "--- ÒÁÚÄÅÌ ÁÓÔÒÏÎÏÍÉÉ, ÔÅÓÎÏ ÐÅÒÅÐÌÅÔÅÎÎÙÊ Ó ÈÉÍÉÅÊ É ÆÉÚÉËÏÊ. 
<<It seeks to ascertain the nature of the heavenly bodies, rather than their positions or motions 
in space~--- what they are, rather than where they are>> (1897, äÖÅÊÍÓ ëÉÌÅÒ).
\vspace{1em}

ïÓÎÏ×ÏÐÏÌÏÖÎÉËÉ "--- ÷ÉÌØÑÍ èÁÊÄ ÷ÏÌÌÁÓÔÏÎ É êÏÚÅÆ ÆÏÎ æÒÁÕÎÇÏÆÅÒ. 

óÁÍ ÔÅÒÍÉÎ <<ÁÓÔÒÏÆÉÚÉËÁ>> ÐÒÅÄÌÏÖÅÎ éÏÇÁÎÎÏÍ ëÁÒÌÏÍ æÒÉÄÒÉÈÏÍ ã\"eÌÌØÎÅÒÏÍ (ÉÚ×ÅÓÔÅÎ ÐÏ ÔÏÞÎÏÊ 
ÆÏÔÏÍÅÔÒÉÉ) × 1865~Ç. 

áÓÔÒÏÆÉÚÉËÁ ÄÅÌÉÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÎÁÂÌÀÄÁÔÅÌØÎÕÀ É ÔÅÏÒÅÔÉÞÅÓËÕÀ, ÎÁÈÏÄÑÝÉÅÓÑ × ÔÅÓÎÏÊ ×ÚÁÉÍÏÓ×ÑÚÉ.
\end{defin}
\end{frame}

\subsection{æÏÔÏÍÅÔÒÉÑ}
\begin{frame}{æÏÔÏÍÅÔÒÉÑ}\vspace*{-1em}
\begin{block}{æÏÔÏÍÅÔÒ ã\"ÅÌÌØÎÅÒÁ}
1861~Ç. "--- ÐÅÒ×ÙÊ ÆÏÔÏÍÅÔÒ Ó ÜÔÁÌÏÎÎÙÍ ÉÓÔÏÞÎÉËÏÍ. çÁÚÏ×ÁÑ ÇÏÒÅÌËÁ, ÐÒÉÚÍÙ ÷ÏÌÌÁÓÔÏÎÁ, 
ÐÌÏÓËÏÐÁÒÁÌÌÅÌØÎÁÑ ÐÌÁÓÔÉÎËÁ.
\end{block}
\img{zollner_photometer}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{æÏÔÏÇÒÁÆÉÑ}\vspace*{-1em}
\begin{block}{}
÷ 1822~Ç. îÉÓÅÆÏÒ îØÅÐÓ ÉÚÏÂÒÅÌ ÇÅÌÉÏÇÒÁÆÉÀ.
ìÕÉ äÁÇÅÒ × 1837~Ç. ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÁÌ ÄÁÇÅÒÏÔÉÐÉÀ. 
1840~Ç äÖÏÎ õÉÌØÑÍ äÒÜÐÅÒ (ÏÔÅà çÅÎÒÉ äÒÜÐÅÒÁ) "--- ÐÅÒ×ÏÅ ÁÓÔÒÏÆÏÔÏ ìÕÎÙ.
\end{block}
\img[0.6]{Henry_Draper}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{}\vspace*{-1em}
\img[0.75]{Orion-Nebula_A_A_Common}
\vspace*{-1.5em}\centering\begin{minipage}{0.7\textwidth}
\begin{block}{}
üÎÄÒÀ üÊÎÓÌÉ ëÁÍÜÎ (Andrew Ainslie Common), 1883~Ç. "--- ÔÕÍÁÎÎÏÓÔØ ïÒÉÏÎÁ. 
\end{block}\end{minipage}
\end{frame}

{\setbeamercolor{normal text}{bg=blue,fg=cyan!70!white}
\begin{frame}{}
\begin{columns}
\column{0.5\textwidth}
\img{Bolometer_conceptual_schematic}
\column{0.4\textwidth}
\begin{block}{}
1878~Ç. óÜÍÀÜÌØ ìÜÎÇÌÉ ÉÚÏÂÒÅÌ ÂÏÌÏÍÅÔÒ: Ä×Å ÐÌÁÔÉÎÏ×ÙÅ ÐÏÌÏÓËÉ, ÚÁÞÅÒÎÅÎÎÙÅ ÌÁÍÐÏ×ÏÊ ÓÁÖÅÊ, 
×ËÌÀÞÅÎÎÙÅ ÐÏ ÓÈÅÍÅ ÍÏÓÔÁ õÉÔÓÏÎÁ É ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÎÙÅ Ë ÞÕ×ÓÔ×ÉÔÅÌØÎÏÍÕ ÇÁÌØ×ÁÎÏÍÅÔÒÕ.

âÏÌÏÍÅÔÒ ìÜÎÇÌÉ ÞÕ×ÓÔ×Ï×ÁÌ ËÏÒÏ×Õ ÚÁ ÍÉÌÀ! 

òÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÅ ÄÉÁÐÁÚÏÎÁ ÄÏ éë.
\end{block}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}}

{\setbeamercolor{normal text}{bg=blue,fg=cyan!70!white}
\subsection{óÐÅËÔÒÏÓËÏÐÉÑ}
\begin{frame}{óÐÅËÔÒÏÓËÏÐÉÑ}
\begin{block}{úÅÍÎÁÑ ÁÔÍÏÓÆÅÒÁ}
îÁÚÅÍÎÁÑ ÁÓÔÒÏÆÉÚÉËÁ ÓÉÌØÎÏ ÓÖÁÔÁ × ÓÐÅËÔÒÁÌØÎÏÍ ÄÉÁÐÁÚÏÎÅ ÚÅÍÎÏÊ ÁÔÍÏÓÆÅÒÏÊ.
\end{block}
\img{Atmospheric_electromagnetic_opacity}
\end{frame}}

\begin{frame}{êÏÚÅÆ ÆÏÎ æÒÁÕÎÇÏÆÅÒ}
\img[0.8]{Fraunhofer_spectroscope}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}
\begin{block}{}
÷ 1860~Ç. çÕÓÔÁ× ëÉÒÈÇÏÆÆ É òÏÂÅÒÔ âÕÎÚÅÎ ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÉÌÉ, ÞÔÏ ÍÎÏÇÉÍ ÔÅÍÎÙÍ ÆÒÁÕÎÇÏÆÅÒÏ×ÙÍ ÌÉÎÉÑÍ 
ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓ×ÕÀÔ Ó×ÅÔÌÙÅ ÌÉÎÉÉ ÓÐÅËÔÒÏ× ÓÖÉÇÁÅÍÙÈ ÍÅÔÁÌÌÏ×. ëÉÒÈÇÏÆÆ ÏÂßÑÓÎÉÌ ÐÒÏÉÓÈÏÖÄÅÎÉÅ 
ÆÒÁÕÎÇÏÆÅÒÏ×ÙÈ ÌÉÎÉÊ ÐÏÇÌÏÝÅÎÉÅÍ Ó×ÅÔÁ × ÁÔÍÏÓÆÅÒÅ óÏÌÎÃÁ.

÷ 1868~Ç. îÏÒÍÁÎ ìÏËØÅÒ (ÐÉÏÎÅÒ ÁÒÈÅÏÁÓÔÒÏÎÏÍÉÉ) É ðØÅÒ öÁÎÓÅÎ ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÉÌÉ ÇÅÌÉÊ. 

óÐÅËÔÒÁÌØÎÙÅ ÎÁÂÌÀÄÅÎÉÑ Ó ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅÍ ÐÒÉÚÍÙ ÐÒÏ×ÏÄÉÌ ÅÝÅ éÓÁÁË îØÀÔÏÎ × 1666--1672~ÇÇ., ÏÎ É 
ÐÒÅÄÌÏÖÉÌ ÔÅÒÍÉÎ <<ÓÐÅËÔÒ>>.

ðÒÉÍÅÎÅÎÉÅ ÓÐÅËÔÒÁÌØÎÏÇÏ ÁÎÁÌÉÚÁ Ë Ú×ÅÚÄÁÍ ÎÁÞÁÔÏ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÍÉ áÎÄÖÅÌÏ óÅËËÉ (×ÁÔÉËÁÎÓËÁÑ ÏÂÓÅÒ×ÁÔÏÒÉÑ) 
É õÉÌØÑÍÁ èÁÇÇÉÎÓÁ (ÞÁÓÔÎÁÑ ÏÂÓÅÒ×ÁÔÏÒÉÑ × áÎÇÌÉÉ) × 1863~Ç. óÅËËÉ ÐÅÒ×ÙÍ ÄÏËÁÚÁÌ, ÞÔÏ óÏÌÎÃÅ "--- 
Ú×ÅÚÄÁ, ÐÅÒ×ÙÍ ÐÒÅÄÌÏÖÉÌ ÓÐÅËÔÒÁÌØÎÕÀ ËÌÁÓÓÉÆÉËÁÃÉÀ (4 ËÌÁÓÓÁ).
\end{block}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{çÅÎÒÉ äÒÜÐÅÒ}
\begin{block}{}
1872, ÐÅÒ×ÙÊ ÓÐÅËÔÒ ÷ÅÇÉ ÎÁ ÆÏÔÏÐÌÁÓÔÉÎËÅ. ó 1918 ÐÏ 1924~Ç. ×ÙÛÅÌ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ HD × ÞÅÓÔØ äÒÜÐÅÒÁ 
(ÉÚÎÁÞÁÌØÎÏ 225300 Ú×ÅÚÄ, üÄ×ÁÒÄ ðÉËÅÒÉÎÇ ÓÏÔÏ×ÁÒÉÝÉ, ÎÁÂÌÀÄÅÎÉÑ × ÇÁÒ×ÁÒÄÓËÏÊ ÏÂÓÅÒ×ÁÔÏÒÉÉ Ó 
ÏÂßÅËÔÉ×ÎÏÊ ÐÒÉÚÍÏÊ).
\end{block}
\img{Drapers_spectra}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{âÅÓÝÅÌÅ×ÙÅ ÓÐÅËÔÒÙ}
\only<1>{\begin{block}{}
îÉËÏÌÁÓ íÅÊÏÌ, 1930-Å.
\end{block}
\img{slitless_schematic}}
\only<2>{\img{slitless}}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{äÉÆÒÁËÃÉÏÎÎÁÑ ÒÅÛÅÔËÁ}
\begin{block}{}
óÅÒÅÄÉÎÁ 18 ×ÅËÁ, äÖÅÊÍÓ çÒÅÇÏÒÉ "--- ÐÒÉÎÃÉÐ ÐÏÓÔÒÏÅÎÉÑ ÄÉÆÒÁËÃÉÏÎÎÏÊ ÒÅÛÅÔËÉ.

1785, äÜ×ÉÄ òÉÔÔÅÎÈÁÕÓ (æÉÌÁÄÅÌØÆÉÑ) "--- ÐÅÒ×ÁÑ ÄÉÆÒÁËÃÉÏÎÎÁÑ ÒÅÛÅÔËÁ (ÐÏÞÔÉ 4 ÌÉÎÉÉ ÎÁ ÍÍ).
áÎÁÌÏÇ "--- êÏÚÅÆ æÒÁÕÎÇÏÆÅÒ, 1821~Ç.

îÁÒÅÚÎÙÅ ÒÅÛÅÔËÉ.  ðÒÅÄÅÌ "--- ÏËÏÌÏ 4.7/ÍÍ (1899, çÅÎÒÉ äÖÏÚÅÆ çÒÅÊÓÏÎ).
\end{block}
\img[0.5]{Blazed_grating}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{äÉÆÒÁËÃÉÑ É ÄÉÓÐÅÒÓÉÑ}
\img[0.4]{Comparison_refraction_diffraction_spectra}
\end{frame}


\begin{frame}{üÛÅÌÌÅ}
\begin{block}{}
1898, áÌØÂÅÒÔ íÉÈÅÌØÓÏÎ (ÓÔÏÐËÁ ÔÏÎËÉÈ ÚÅÒËÁÌ).
1923 "--- ÐÅÒ×ÙÊ ÜÛÅÌÌÅ-ÓÐÅËÔÒÏÇÒÁÆ.

á×ÔÏËÏÌÌÉÍÁÃÉÏÎÎÁÑ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÑ ìÉÔÔÒÏ×Á (êÏÚÅÆ êÏÈÁÎÎ ÆÏÎ ìÉÔÔÒÏÕ), ÕÇÏÌ ÂÌÅÓËÁ 
ÂÏÌØÛÅ $45^\circ$ ($\theta_B=\arcsin\frac{m\lambda}{2d}$). ëÒÏÓÓ--ÄÉÓÐÅÒÓÏÒ.
\end{block}
\img[0.7]{echellogram_large}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{ïæçò}
\begin{block}{}
äÉÆÒÁËÃÉÑ âÒÜÇÇÁ: $2d\sin(\theta+\phi)=m\lambda$, 

ðÅÒÉÏÄÉÞÅÓËÁÑ ÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÁ ÉÚÍÅÎÑÀÝÅÇÏÓÑ ÐÏËÁÚÁÔÅÌÑ ÐÒÅÌÏÍÌÅÎÉÑ.
$1/d$ ÄÏ 6000! $d<\lambda$!!!
\end{block}
\img{VPHG}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{óÐÅËÔÒÏÇÒÁÆ}
\img[0.89]{spectrograph}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{éÎÔÅÒÆÅÒÏÍÅÔÒ æÁÂÒÉ--ðÅÒÏ}\vspace*{-1em}
\only<1>{\img[0.8]{ifp_theor}}
\only<2>{\img[0.37]{IFP_datacube}}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{}
\img[0.85]{optelcomp}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}{óÐÁÓÉÂÏ ÚÁ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ!}
\centering
\begin{minipage}{5cm}
\begin{block}{mailto}
eddy@sao.ru\\
edward.emelianoff@gmail.com
\end{block}\end{minipage}
\end{frame}
\end{document}